WallStSmart

Salesforce.com Inc (CRM)vsAurora Mobile Ltd (JG)

VS

Smart Verdict

WallStSmart Research — data-driven comparison

Salesforce.com Inc generates 11151% more annual revenue ($43.94B vs $390.54M). CRM leads profitability with a 22.0% profit margin vs 1.5%. CRM trades at a lower P/E of 22.7x. CRM earns a higher WallStSmart Score of 74/100 (B).

CRM

Strong Buy

74

out of 100

Grade: B

Growth: 7.3Profit: 8.0Value: 8.0Quality: 4.5
Piotroski: 5/9Altman Z: 1.50

JG

Hold

35

out of 100

Grade: F

Growth: 4.7Profit: 4.0Value: 6.3Quality: 4.5
Piotroski: 5/9Altman Z: -2.47
IV

Intrinsic Value Comparison

Multi-model valuation · Graham Formula

CRMUndervalued (+66.9%)

Margin of Safety

+66.9%

Fair Value

$719.75

Current Price

$233.28

$486.47 discount

UndervaluedFair: $719.75Overvalued
JGUndervalued (+60.0%)

Margin of Safety

+60.0%

Fair Value

$20.06

Current Price

$6.35

$13.71 discount

UndervaluedFair: $20.06Overvalued

Key Strengths & Concerns

Side-by-side fundamental analysis

Key Strengths

CRM6 strengths · Avg: 9.0/10
Market CapQuality
$203.87B10/10

Mega-cap, among the largest globally

EPS GrowthGrowth
118.9%10/10

Earnings expanding 118.9% YoY

Return on EquityProfitability
25.2%9/10

Every $100 of equity generates 25 in profit

Profit MarginProfitability
22.0%9/10

Keeps 22 of every $100 in revenue as profit

PEG RatioValuation
0.908/10

Growing faster than its price suggests

Operating MarginProfitability
21.4%8/10

Strong operational efficiency at 21.4%

JG0 strengths · Avg: 0/10

No standout strengths identified

Areas to Watch

CRM2 concerns · Avg: 3.5/10
Altman Z-ScoreHealth
1.504/10

Distress zone — elevated risk

Debt/EquityHealth
1.093/10

Elevated debt levels

JG4 concerns · Avg: 3.3/10
EPS GrowthGrowth
0.0%4/10

0.0% earnings growth

Market CapQuality
$38.74M3/10

Smaller company, higher risk/reward

Return on EquityProfitability
6.2%3/10

ROE of 6.2% — below average capital efficiency

Profit MarginProfitability
1.5%3/10

1.5% margin — thin

Comparative Analysis Report

WallStSmart Research

Bull Case : CRM

The strongest argument for CRM centers on Market Cap, EPS Growth, Return on Equity. Profitability is solid with margins at 22.0% and operating margin at 21.4%. Revenue growth of 10.8% demonstrates continued momentum.

Bull Case : JG

Revenue growth of 12.6% demonstrates continued momentum.

Bear Case : CRM

The primary concerns for CRM are Altman Z-Score, Debt/Equity.

Bear Case : JG

The primary concerns for JG are EPS Growth, Market Cap, Return on Equity. A P/E of 40.6x leaves little room for execution misses. Thin 1.5% margins leave little buffer for downturns.

Key Dynamics to Monitor

CRM profiles as a mature stock while JG is a value play — different risk/reward profiles.

CRM carries more volatility with a beta of 1.20 — expect wider price swings.

JG is growing revenue faster at 12.6% — sustainability is the question.

Monitor SOFTWARE - APPLICATION industry trends, competitive dynamics, and regulatory changes.

Bottom Line

CRM scores higher overall (74/100 vs 35/100), backed by strong 22.0% margins and 10.8% revenue growth. JG offers better value entry with a 60.0% margin of safety. Both earn "Strong Buy" and "Hold" ratings respectively — the choice depends on your investment horizon and risk tolerance.

This analysis is generated from publicly available financial data. Not financial advice.

Salesforce.com Inc

TECHNOLOGY · SOFTWARE - APPLICATION · USA

Salesforce.com, Inc. is an American cloud-based software company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It provides customer relationship management (CRM) service and also provides a complementary suite of enterprise applications focused on customer service, marketing automation, analytics, and application development.

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Aurora Mobile Ltd

TECHNOLOGY · SOFTWARE - APPLICATION · China

Aurora Mobile Limited, is a mobile development service provider in China. The company is headquartered in Shenzhen, the People's Republic of China.

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