WallStSmart

Caterpillar Inc (CAT)vsSalesforce.com Inc (CRM)

VS

Smart Verdict

WallStSmart Research — data-driven comparison

Caterpillar Inc generates 63% more annual revenue ($67.59B vs $41.52B). CRM leads profitability with a 18.0% profit margin vs 13.1%. CRM appears more attractively valued with a PEG of 1.06. CRM earns a higher WallStSmart Score of 63/100 (C+).

CAT

Buy

57

out of 100

Grade: C

Growth: 4.7Profit: 7.5Value: 7.3Quality: 4.5
Piotroski: 3/9Altman Z: 2.40

CRM

Buy

63

out of 100

Grade: C+

Growth: 6.7Profit: 7.0Value: 10.0Quality: 6.0
Piotroski: 5/9Altman Z: 1.83
IV

Intrinsic Value Comparison

Multi-model valuation · Graham Formula

CATSignificantly Overvalued (-463.1%)

Margin of Safety

-463.1%

Fair Value

$127.70

Current Price

$719.04

$591.34 premium

UndervaluedFair: $127.70Overvalued
CRMUndervalued (+34.2%)

Margin of Safety

+34.2%

Fair Value

$276.43

Current Price

$181.96

$94.47 discount

UndervaluedFair: $276.43Overvalued

Key Strengths & Concerns

Side-by-side fundamental analysis

Key Strengths

CAT4 strengths · Avg: 9.0/10
Market CapQuality
$335.37B10/10

Mega-cap, among the largest globally

Return on EquityProfitability
43.5%10/10

Every $100 of equity generates 44 in profit

Revenue GrowthGrowth
18.0%8/10

18.0% revenue growth

Free Cash FlowQuality
$2.25B8/10

Generating 2.2B in free cash flow

CRM4 strengths · Avg: 8.5/10
Market CapQuality
$171.49B9/10

Large-cap with strong market position

Debt/EquityHealth
0.199/10

Conservative balance sheet, low leverage

Price/BookValuation
2.9x8/10

Reasonable price relative to book value

Free Cash FlowQuality
$5.32B8/10

Generating 5.3B in free cash flow

Areas to Watch

CAT4 concerns · Avg: 3.8/10
PEG RatioValuation
1.864/10

Expensive relative to growth rate

P/E RatioValuation
38.2x4/10

Premium valuation, high expectations priced in

Price/BookValuation
15.7x4/10

Trading at 15.7x book value

Piotroski F-ScoreQuality
3/93/10

Weak financial health signals

CRM1 concerns · Avg: 4.0/10
Altman Z-ScoreHealth
1.834/10

Grey zone — moderate risk

Comparative Analysis Report

WallStSmart Research

Bull Case : CAT

The strongest argument for CAT centers on Market Cap, Return on Equity, Revenue Growth. Revenue growth of 18.0% demonstrates continued momentum.

Bull Case : CRM

The strongest argument for CRM centers on Market Cap, Debt/Equity, Price/Book. Profitability is solid with margins at 18.0% and operating margin at 19.2%. Revenue growth of 12.1% demonstrates continued momentum.

Bear Case : CAT

The primary concerns for CAT are PEG Ratio, P/E Ratio, Price/Book. Debt-to-equity of 2.03 is elevated, increasing financial risk.

Bear Case : CRM

The primary concerns for CRM are Altman Z-Score.

Key Dynamics to Monitor

CAT profiles as a growth stock while CRM is a mature play — different risk/reward profiles.

CAT carries more volatility with a beta of 1.53 — expect wider price swings.

CAT is growing revenue faster at 18.0% — sustainability is the question.

CRM generates stronger free cash flow (5.3B), providing more financial flexibility.

Bottom Line

CRM scores higher overall (63/100 vs 57/100), backed by strong 18.0% margins and 12.1% revenue growth. Both earn "Buy" and "Buy" ratings respectively — the choice depends on your investment horizon and risk tolerance.

This analysis is generated from publicly available financial data. Not financial advice.

Caterpillar Inc

INDUSTRIALS · FARM & HEAVY CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY · USA

Caterpillar Inc. (often shortened to CAT) is an American Fortune 100 corporation that designs, develops, engineers, manufactures, markets, and sells machinery, engines, financial products, and insurance to customers via a worldwide dealer network.

Visit Website →

Salesforce.com Inc

TECHNOLOGY · SOFTWARE - APPLICATION · USA

Salesforce.com, Inc. is an American cloud-based software company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It provides customer relationship management (CRM) service and also provides a complementary suite of enterprise applications focused on customer service, marketing automation, analytics, and application development.

Visit Website →

Want to dig deeper into these stocks?