WallStSmart

Caterpillar Inc (CAT)vsConstellation Energy Corp (CEG)

VS

Smart Verdict

WallStSmart Research — data-driven comparison

Caterpillar Inc generates 165% more annual revenue ($67.59B vs $25.53B). CAT leads profitability with a 13.1% profit margin vs 9.1%. CAT appears more attractively valued with a PEG of 1.86. CAT earns a higher WallStSmart Score of 57/100 (C).

CAT

Buy

57

out of 100

Grade: C

Growth: 4.7Profit: 7.5Value: 7.3Quality: 4.5
Piotroski: 3/9Altman Z: 2.40

CEG

Hold

43

out of 100

Grade: D

Growth: 6.0Profit: 6.5Value: 4.7Quality: 7.0
Piotroski: 6/9Altman Z: 1.14
IV

Intrinsic Value Comparison

Multi-model valuation · Graham Formula

CATSignificantly Overvalued (-463.1%)

Margin of Safety

-463.1%

Fair Value

$127.70

Current Price

$719.04

$591.34 premium

UndervaluedFair: $127.70Overvalued
CEGSignificantly Overvalued (-441.4%)

Margin of Safety

-441.4%

Fair Value

$51.14

Current Price

$303.32

$252.18 premium

UndervaluedFair: $51.14Overvalued

Key Strengths & Concerns

Side-by-side fundamental analysis

Key Strengths

CAT4 strengths · Avg: 9.0/10
Market CapQuality
$335.37B10/10

Mega-cap, among the largest globally

Return on EquityProfitability
43.5%10/10

Every $100 of equity generates 44 in profit

Revenue GrowthGrowth
18.0%8/10

18.0% revenue growth

Free Cash FlowQuality
$2.25B8/10

Generating 2.2B in free cash flow

CEG1 strengths · Avg: 9.0/10
Market CapQuality
$106.82B9/10

Large-cap with strong market position

Areas to Watch

CAT4 concerns · Avg: 3.8/10
PEG RatioValuation
1.864/10

Expensive relative to growth rate

P/E RatioValuation
38.2x4/10

Premium valuation, high expectations priced in

Price/BookValuation
15.7x4/10

Trading at 15.7x book value

Piotroski F-ScoreQuality
3/93/10

Weak financial health signals

CEG4 concerns · Avg: 2.5/10
P/E RatioValuation
39.2x4/10

Premium valuation, high expectations priced in

PEG RatioValuation
3.742/10

Expensive relative to growth rate

EPS GrowthGrowth
-48.9%2/10

Earnings declined 48.9%

Free Cash FlowQuality
$-181.00M2/10

Negative free cash flow — burning cash

Comparative Analysis Report

WallStSmart Research

Bull Case : CAT

The strongest argument for CAT centers on Market Cap, Return on Equity, Revenue Growth. Revenue growth of 18.0% demonstrates continued momentum.

Bull Case : CEG

The strongest argument for CEG centers on Market Cap. Revenue growth of 12.9% demonstrates continued momentum.

Bear Case : CAT

The primary concerns for CAT are PEG Ratio, P/E Ratio, Price/Book. Debt-to-equity of 2.03 is elevated, increasing financial risk.

Bear Case : CEG

The primary concerns for CEG are P/E Ratio, PEG Ratio, EPS Growth.

Key Dynamics to Monitor

CAT profiles as a growth stock while CEG is a value play — different risk/reward profiles.

CAT carries more volatility with a beta of 1.53 — expect wider price swings.

CAT is growing revenue faster at 18.0% — sustainability is the question.

CAT generates stronger free cash flow (2.2B), providing more financial flexibility.

Bottom Line

CAT scores higher overall (57/100 vs 43/100) and 18.0% revenue growth. Both earn "Buy" and "Hold" ratings respectively — the choice depends on your investment horizon and risk tolerance.

This analysis is generated from publicly available financial data. Not financial advice.

Caterpillar Inc

INDUSTRIALS · FARM & HEAVY CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY · USA

Caterpillar Inc. (often shortened to CAT) is an American Fortune 100 corporation that designs, develops, engineers, manufactures, markets, and sells machinery, engines, financial products, and insurance to customers via a worldwide dealer network.

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Constellation Energy Corp

UTILITIES · UTILITIES - INDEPENDENT POWER PRODUCERS · USA

Constellation Energy Corporation is an energy producer in the United States. The company is headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland.

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