WallStSmart

Air Products and Chemicals Inc (APD)vsUnited States Lime & Minerals Inc (USLM)

VS

Smart Verdict

WallStSmart Research — data-driven comparison

Air Products and Chemicals Inc generates 3275% more annual revenue ($12.46B vs $369.31M). USLM leads profitability with a 35.4% profit margin vs 16.9%. USLM trades at a lower P/E of 23.9x. APD earns a higher WallStSmart Score of 57/100 (C).

APD

Buy

57

out of 100

Grade: C

Growth: 4.7Profit: 7.0Value: 4.0Quality: 3.5
Piotroski: 1/9Altman Z: 1.36

USLM

Hold

46

out of 100

Grade: D+

Growth: 4.0Profit: 9.0Value: 5.7Quality: 8.5
Piotroski: 2/9Altman Z: 10.69
IV

Intrinsic Value Comparison

Multi-model valuation · Graham Formula

APDSignificantly Overvalued (-89.1%)

Margin of Safety

-89.1%

Fair Value

$146.39

Current Price

$282.35

$135.96 premium

UndervaluedFair: $146.39Overvalued
USLMUndervalued (+5.3%)

Margin of Safety

+5.3%

Fair Value

$113.82

Current Price

$104.61

$9.21 discount

UndervaluedFair: $113.82Overvalued

Key Strengths & Concerns

Side-by-side fundamental analysis

Key Strengths

APD2 strengths · Avg: 8.5/10
Market CapQuality
$62.19B9/10

Large-cap with strong market position

Operating MarginProfitability
23.6%8/10

Strong operational efficiency at 23.6%

USLM4 strengths · Avg: 10.0/10
Profit MarginProfitability
35.4%10/10

Keeps 35 of every $100 in revenue as profit

Operating MarginProfitability
40.7%10/10

Strong operational efficiency at 40.7%

Debt/EquityHealth
0.0110/10

Conservative balance sheet, low leverage

Altman Z-ScoreHealth
10.6910/10

Safe zone — low bankruptcy risk

Areas to Watch

APD4 concerns · Avg: 3.5/10
PEG RatioValuation
2.094/10

Expensive relative to growth rate

P/E RatioValuation
29.5x4/10

Moderate valuation

Debt/EquityHealth
1.173/10

Elevated debt levels

Piotroski F-ScoreQuality
1/93/10

Weak financial health signals

USLM3 concerns · Avg: 2.3/10
Piotroski F-ScoreQuality
2/93/10

Weak financial health signals

Revenue GrowthGrowth
-3.7%2/10

Revenue declined 3.7%

EPS GrowthGrowth
-10.9%2/10

Earnings declined 10.9%

Comparative Analysis Report

WallStSmart Research

Bull Case : APD

The strongest argument for APD centers on Market Cap, Operating Margin. Profitability is solid with margins at 16.9% and operating margin at 23.6%.

Bull Case : USLM

The strongest argument for USLM centers on Profit Margin, Operating Margin, Debt/Equity. Profitability is solid with margins at 35.4% and operating margin at 40.7%.

Bear Case : APD

The primary concerns for APD are PEG Ratio, P/E Ratio, Debt/Equity.

Bear Case : USLM

The primary concerns for USLM are Piotroski F-Score, Revenue Growth, EPS Growth.

Key Dynamics to Monitor

APD profiles as a mature stock while USLM is a declining play — different risk/reward profiles.

APD carries more volatility with a beta of 0.78 — expect wider price swings.

APD is growing revenue faster at 8.8% — sustainability is the question.

USLM generates stronger free cash flow (14M), providing more financial flexibility.

Bottom Line

APD scores higher overall (57/100 vs 46/100), backed by strong 16.9% margins. Both earn "Buy" and "Hold" ratings respectively — the choice depends on your investment horizon and risk tolerance.

This analysis is generated from publicly available financial data. Not financial advice.

Air Products and Chemicals Inc

BASIC MATERIALS · SPECIALTY CHEMICALS · USA

Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. is an American international corporation whose principal business is selling gases and chemicals for industrial uses. Air Products' headquarters is in Allentown, Pennsylvania.

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United States Lime & Minerals Inc

BASIC MATERIALS · BUILDING MATERIALS · USA

United States Lime & Minerals, Inc. manufactures and supplies lime and limestone products in the United States. The company is headquartered in Dallas, Texas.

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